Periodontal plastic surgery, also known as gum plastic surgery or periodontal aesthetic surgery, is a branch of periodontics (the field of dentistry that focuses on the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gums) that addresses the cosmetic and aesthetic concerns related to the gums. This type of surgery aims to enhance the appearance of the gums and improve overall smile aesthetics.

Periodontal plastic surgery may be performed by periodontists, who are specialists in the treatment of the gums and supporting structures.

Here are some common procedures associated with periodontal plastic surgery:

Gingival Contouring:

Purpose

This procedure is performed to reshape the gum tissue to create a more symmetrical and aesthetically pleasing appearance.

Indications

Gingival contouring may be recommended if the gumline is uneven, irregular, or if there is excessive gum tissue covering the teeth, making them appear shorter than desired.

Gum Grafting:

Purpose

Gum grafting involves taking tissue from one area (often the palate) and transplanting it to another area with insufficient gum tissue.
Indications: It is commonly used to address gum recession, where the gums have pulled away from the teeth, exposing the roots. Gum grafting helps to cover exposed roots, improve aesthetics, and protect against further recession.

Crown Lengthening

Purpose

Crown lengthening is a procedure to expose more of the tooth structure by removing excess gum tissue and, in some cases, bone.

Indications

It is often performed to prepare a tooth for restorative procedures, such as placing a crown or veneer, or to correct a “gummy smile” where excessive gum tissue makes the teeth appear shorter.

Ridge Augmentation

Purpose

This procedure involves building up the bony ridge of the jaw to correct deformities or irregularities in the bone structure.

Indications

Ridge augmentation may be recommended when there is insufficient bone to support dental implants or to improve the cosmetic appearance of the jaw.

Periodontal plastic surgery is typically elective and cosmetic in nature, focusing on enhancing the visual aspects of the smile. Patients considering such procedures should consult with a periodontist to discuss their specific concerns, treatment options, and expected outcomes. As with any surgery, individual suitability and potential risks should be thoroughly evaluated before undergoing periodontal plastic surgery.